Pelicans ISBN 0 14 02.2356 8 - Islam in the World

Penguin Books Ltd, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England Viking Penguin Inc, 40 West 23rd Street, New York, New York 10010, U.S.A. Penguin Books Australia Ltd, Ringwood, Victoria, Australia Penguin Books Canada Ltd, 2801 John Street, Markham, Ontario, Canada, L3R 1B4 Penguin Books (N.Z.) Ltd, 182-190 Wairau Road, Auckland 10, New Zealand

First published 1984

Copyright © Malise Ruthven, 1984 All rights reserved

Printed and bound in Great Britain by Cox & Wyman Ltd, Reading Photoset in 9/12 Linotron Palatino by Rowland Photosetting Ltd, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk

Except in the United States of America, this book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser